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    • 专利摘要:
    FLOATING ASSEMBLY [001] The present invention pertains to a floating assembly (100) with large orifice. More particularly, the present invention pertains to a large orifice floating assembly (100) having at least one flap valve. More particularly, the present invention pertains to a floating assembly (100) which has non-metallic valves and other components, and yet provides a higher pressure rating than conventional floating assemblies. The floating assembly (100) comprises at least one set of valves (20, 40), wherein each of said at least one set of valves (20, 40) has a body (21, 41), a central flow port. (22, 42) extending therethrough and a tongue (120, 140) pivotally connected to said body (21, 41); a seat member (70) disposed in axial alignment with said central outflow hole (22, 42), wherein said seat member (70) moves in a direction parallel to the longitudinal geometric axis of said central outflow hole (22, 42); and a retaining member (80) having a first end and a second end, wherein said first end is connected to said seat member (70) and said second end is releasably joined with said tongue ( 120, 140) when said tongue (120, 140) is in an open position.
    公开号:BR112012029869B1
    申请号:R112012029869-0
    申请日:2011-05-24
    公开日:2021-04-20
    发明作者:Brad Groesbeck；James Martens；Jeffrey Arcement；John Jordan
    申请人:Blackhawk Specialty Tools Llc；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    field of invention
    [0001] The present invention pertains to a large orifice floating assembly. More particularly, the present invention pertains to a large orifice floating assembly having at least one latch valve. More particularly, the present invention pertains to a floating assembly that has non-metallic valves and other components, and yet provides a higher pressure rating than conventional floating assemblies. Background of the Invention
    [0002] Drilling an oil or gas well is often accomplished using a surface drill rig and tubular drill pipe. When installing drill pipe (or other tubular artifacts) into a well, this pipe is typically inserted into a wellbore in a number of sections of approximately equal length called "joints". As the pipe penetrates deeper into a well, additional pipe joints have to be added to the ever-increasing "drilling column" on the drill rig. As such, a typical drill string comprises a plurality of pipe sections or joints, each of which has a longitudinally extending internal hole.
    [0003] After a well is drilled to a desired depth, a relatively large diameter pipe known as a casing is typically installed and cemented in place within the wellbore. Cementing is performed by pumping a predetermined volume of cement slurry into the well using high pressure pumps. Cement slurry is typically pumped down the inner bore of the casing, out of the distal end of the casing, and back up around the outer surface of the casing. After the predetermined volume of cement is pumped, a plug or wiper assembly is typically pumped down into the casing inner hole using drilling mud or other fluid in order to completely remove the cement from the casing inner hole. In this way, the cement slurry leaves the inner casing hole and enters the annular space existing between the outer casing surface and the inner wellbore surface. When this cement sets, it should beneficially hold the cladding in place and form a seal to prevent fluid from flowing along the outer surface of the cladding. In many conventional cementing operations, an apparatus known as a floating sleeve or floating assembly is often used at or near the bottom (distal) end of the casing string. In most cases, the floating assembly comprises a short length of liner or other tubular receptacle fitted to a set of back pressure valves, such as a latch valve, spring loaded ball valve or other type of closing mechanism. The back pressure valve assembly allows cement slurry to flow out of the distal end of the casing, but prevents backflow of the heavier cement slurry into the casing's internal hole when pumping stops. Without this floating sleeve, heavy cement slurry pumped into the annular space around the outside of the casing can cause the U-tube effect or reverse flow back into the casing's inner hole, which can result in a very undesirable situation.
    [0004] Self-filling flotation systems comprise specialized floating sleeve assemblies that have long been known and used extensively in the oil and gas industry. Generally, self-fill flotation systems consist of flotation assemblies with one or more flapper style valves driven into a wellbore in an open position so that wellbore fluids can flow bidirectionally through the assembly. When desired, said valves can be selectively closed through actuation mechanism(s); these drive mechanisms can include, for example, increases in pressure and/or flow rate through the casing column. A common actuation mechanism involves inserting a tubular member or sleeve through the valve body(s) in order to hold the pawl(s) open. When desired, the tubular member can be selectively withdrawn from the assembly through a drive ball or other item; with the sleeve out of the way, the valve(s) is released and closed.
    [0005] As with virtually any floating assembly, after the cement slurry has been pumped and settled, the floating assembly often has to be drilled out, typically with a PDC drill or rotating cone type. As such, the need to build floating sleeve assemblies from piercing materials - such as composite material - is prominent. Although composite valve bodies and bolts have been around for some time, both ferrous and non-ferrous metallic components continue to be used in the form of shear pins, pivot pins, and valve springs. Additionally, existing auto-fill systems have limited ability to none to adjust activation variables such as, for example, off pressure and/or flow rate. These considerations highlight the need to improve existing float sets in the prior art. Additionally, although float assemblies have been known in the art for some time, many have relatively small internal flow holes. As a result, pieces of rock or debris including, without limitation, debris suspended within the cement slurry can become trapped in the internal hole of the floating assembly, thereby hampering the progress of cementing operations and creating a hazardous condition. Additionally, there are problems with many prior art floating valve assemblies, in terms of both drive and ability to withstand pressure loading.
    [0006] Therefore, there is a need for a durable, easily drillable large-bore floating assembly that has at least one reliable high-pressure valve assembly that can withstand significant wellbore pressures. Description of the Invention
    [0007] In the preferred embodiment, the present invention comprises a floating assembly type "self-fill" that has at least one compound curved flap valve to self-fill an auxiliary liner or liner column during operation of oil and gas piping and cementing operations.
    [0008] Broadly considered, the present invention comprises a self-filling floating type assembly that has a central flow hole that extends longitudinally through it. The floating assembly of the present invention comprises two or more curved composite tongue style valves. Each of said pawls of the present invention have a range of movement of substantially 90°, and are closed by a torsion spring. Although said torsion spring can have many different embodiments, in the preferred embodiment said spring is made of composite material and is arranged around the circumference of the valve body. Each tab is connected to the valve body via a composite pivot pin. Said pawls are kept in the open (or "self-filling") position by means of an external displacement mechanism that does not require any obstruction or restriction through the central flow hole of any set of valves.
    [0009] In the preferred embodiment, the valve mechanism of the present invention is selectively actuated using a floating ball (such as, for example, a ball constructed of phenolic material) that can beneficially fit against a correspondingly positioned ball seat member below said valves. When the flow rate is set through the system, the ball is pumped down and rests on said seat member forming a flow restriction within the central flow hole of said assembly.
    [0010] The pressure of the fluid can then be increased above said seated sphere. At a predetermined specified pressure, at least one composite pin will rupture, thereby allowing said ball seat member to move downwardly away from the valves. This event triggers the mechanism that keeps the latches open, thus allowing said valves to close. As pressure continues to increase above the ball, the ball seat member's tongs separate, allowing the ball to pass through said open tongs, and be withdrawn from the assembly into the wellbore below thereby removing the restriction from the central hole for draining the set. The ball seat member with clips allows for changing both the number of composite shear pins (thus allowing adjustment of the activation pressure) and the size of the flow port (thereby allowing adjustment of the activation flow rate ) of the system.
    [0011] According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the present invention, the pawl and valve bodies are manufactured from high temperature resins compression molded around a structure reinforced with carbon or glass for added strength. The curved profile of each pawl allows the largest possible ID (ID) to be maintained when the valve is in the open position, resulting in higher self-fill flow rates and maximum tolerance for debris through the assembly's central flow hole.
    [0012] In the preferred embodiment, the valve springs of the present invention comprise single torsion-type springs reinforced with carbon or glass. The pivot pins and deactivation mechanism components are beneficially manufactured from reinforced carbon or glass levers for high tensile and shear forces. Ball seat with calipers is manufactured as a high temperature reinforced composite mandrel-enclosed. Shear pins are either ultra fine-grained graphite or even resin composite. The drive ball is a low density phenolic, which floats in most wellbore fluids, keeping the ball away from the ball seat until activation is required thereby reducing the likelihood of clogging the central flow hole of the set with gravel or other wellbore debris. The system additionally incorporates a removable ball retainer to allow the ball to be released or float in the liner / liner auxiliary column when needed. Brief Description of Drawings
    [0013] The above summary, as well as the following detailed description of preferred embodiments, is best understood when read in conjunction with the attached figures. For the purpose of illustrating the invention, the figures show certain preferred embodiments. It is understood, however, that the invention is not limited to the specific methods and devices disclosed. Additionally, dimensions, materials and part names are provided for illustrative and not limiting purposes only.
    [0014] FIGURE 1 represents a side sectional view of the floating assembly of the present invention installed in a wellbore with two latch valves in a fully open position.
    [0015] FIGURE 2 represents a detailed view of a detached section of the floating assembly of the present invention represented in FIGURE 1 with the upper latch in the fully open position.
    [0016] FIGURE 3 represents a detailed view of a detached section of the floating assembly of the present invention represented in FIGURE 1 with the lower latch in the fully open position.
    [0017] FIGURE 4 represents a side section view of the floating assembly of the present invention installed in a wellbore with a drive ball in a seated position and the valves of the present invention in an open position.
    [0018] FIGURE 5 represents a detailed view of a detached section of the floating assembly of the present invention represented in FIGURE 4 with a drive ball in a seated position and the lower valve of the present invention in an open position.
    [0019] FIGURE 6 is a side sectional view of the floating assembly of the present invention installed in a wellbore with a drive ball in a seated position and two latch valves in a partially closed position.
    [0020] FIGURE 7 represents a detailed view of a detached section of the floating assembly of the present invention represented in FIGURE 6 with the upper latch in a partially closed position.
    [0021] FIGURE 8 represents a detailed view of a detached section of the floating assembly of the present invention represented in FIGURE 6 with a drive ball in a seated position and the lower valve of the present invention in a partially closed position.
    [0022] FIGURE 9 represents a side sectional view of the floating assembly of the present invention installed in a wellbore with two latch valves in a fully closed position.
    [0023] FIGURE 10 represents a detailed view of a detached section of the floating assembly of the present invention represented in FIGURE 9 with the upper latch in a fully closed position.
    [0024] FIGURE 11 represents a detailed view of a detached section of the floating assembly of the present invention represented in FIGURE 9 with the lower latch in a fully closed position.
    [0025] FIGURE 12 represents an exploded perspective view of the floating assembly of the present invention.
    [0026] FIGURE 13 represents a perspective view of the floating assembly of the present invention.
    [0027] FIGURE 14 represents a side view of a floating assembly of the present invention.
    [0028] FIGURE 15 represents a perspective view of a valve assembly of the present invention in an open position.
    [0029] FIGURE 16 represents a perspective view of a valve assembly of the present invention in a closed position
    [0030] FIGURE 17 represents a longitudinal view of a valve assembly of the present invention with a pawl in an open position.
    [0031] FIGURE 18 is a perspective view of a glove member of the present invention.
    [0032] FIGURE 19 is a perspective view of a ball seat member of the present invention.
    [0033] FIGURE 20 is a perspective view of a retaining glove of the present invention.
    [0034] FIGURE 21 represents a perspective view of a bottom receptacle of the present invention. Description of Invention Achievements
    [0035] FIGURE 1 is a side sectional view of a "self-filling" type floating assembly 100 of the present invention installed within a wellbore 320 that extends into the earth's crust. As depicted in FIGURE 1, float assembly 100 is installed near the bottom (distal) end of casing string 300 which has a central outflow hole 301. Generally, float assembly 100 of the present invention allows cement slurry to flow. down into the central outflow hole 301 and out of the open distal end 302 of casing 300 and into the annular space 321 formed between the well bore 320 and the outer casing surface 300. The floating assembly 100 allows the slurry to Cement flows out of the distal end 302 of casing 300, while preventing backflow of this heavy cement slurry into the central outflow port 301 of casing 300 when pumping ceases. Without the floating assembly 100, the relatively heavy cement slurry pumped into the annular space 321 may "cause the U-tube (U-tube) effect" or reverse flow back into the central outflow hole 301 of casing 300 .
    [0036] As demonstrated in more detail below, the floating assembly 100 of the present invention can be driven into wellbore 320 in casing string 300 in an open position, so that wellbore fluids can pass bidirectionally through of said floating sleeve assembly 100. Due to the large unrestricted outer diameter of said floating sleeve assembly 100 when said assembly 100 is in said open position, higher self-fill flow rates and maximum tolerance to debris through said assembly are obtained. floating 100.
    [0037] Consequently, because the floating assembly 100 of the present invention does not exhibit the same restrictions as conventional floating assemblies, less fluid overhead pressure is exerted in wellbore 320 and any potentially sensitive formations present in said wellbore 320 when a casing column equipped with floating assembly 100 is lowered into said wellbore.
    [0038] Referring briefly to FIGURE 12, which represents an exploded view of floating assembly 100, said floating assembly 100 generally comprises ball retainer replacement 10, upper valve assembly 20, upper spacer member 30, lower valve assembly 40 , lower spacer member 50, sleeve member 60, movable ball seat member 70, retaining sleeve 80, and bottom receptacle 90.
    [0039] Referring again to FIGURE 1, the ball retainer replacement 10 is connected to the upper valve assembly 20, which is in turn connected to the upper spacer member 30. The lower valve assembly 40 is connected below the spacer member The upper 30, while the lower spacer member 50 is connected below said lower valve assembly 40. The sleeve member 60 is slidably received around the outer surface of the ball seat member 70. The ball seat member 70 is disposed. slidingly within the retaining sleeve 80 and bottom receptacle 90. Each of the elements mentioned above contains a central outflow hole; said flow holes are aligned and collectively form a central flow hole extending substantially through said floating assembly 100 along its longitudinal geometric axis.
    [0040] In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the retainer replacement 10, the upper valve assembly 20, the upper spacer member 30, the lower valve assembly 40, the lower spacer member 50, and the bottom receptacle 90 are arranged concentrically within outer sleeve member 5; all said components are received within casing string 300 near distal end 302. Additionally, ball retainer replacement 10, upper valve assembly 20, upper spacer member 30, lower valve assembly 40, member lower spacer 50, sleeve member 60, ball seat member 70, retaining sleeve 80 and bottom receptacle 90 are beneficially of modular design, so that any of said components can be quickly and easily removed from said set, and repaired and/or replaced, thus allowing greater operational flexibility.
    [0041] Still referring to FIGURE 1, the floating assembly 100 of the present invention comprises at least two composite curved pawl-style valve assemblies; in the embodiment shown in FIGURE 1, the upper valve assembly 20 has an upper pawl 120, while the lower valve assembly 40 has a lower pawl 140. Each of said pawls 120 and 140 of the present invention has a movement range of approximately 90° , and each is tilted into a closed position using a torsion spring as shown in more detail below. In the preferred embodiment, said pawls 120 and 140 are mounted 180 degrees out of phase relative to one another; otherwise placed, one pawl is pivotally mounted to open against one side of said floating assembly 100, while the other pawl is pivotally mounted to open against an opposite side (i.e. offset 180 degrees) of said floating assembly 100 .
    [0042] As a result of this configuration of the pawls 120 and 140, at least one pawl will always be on the underside of the wellbore 320 when the floating assembly 100 of the present invention is used in a bypass well. Additionally, the configuration of the present invention allows for independent pressure testing of the valve assemblies of the present invention, which provides significant safety improvement over existing prior art float assemblies.
    [0043] As depicted in FIGURE 1, drive ball 110 is disposed within ball retainer replacement 10. In the preferred embodiment, drive ball 110 is constructed of low density material (such as, for example, a material phenolic), which allows said drive ball 110 to float in the wellbore fluids, thereby preventing said ball 110 from falling through the tool and prematurely driving the floating assembly 100 when such drive is not desired. Additionally, said drive ball 110 is prevented from floating out of floating assembly 100 and is held within ball retainer replacement 10 using optional removable ball retainer pin 11.
    [0044] Conventional floating sleeve assemblies typically employ a drive ball that is retained at a substantially central location within the flow hole of each assembly. However, positioning a drive ball in this manner significantly restricts the cross-sectional area of flow through a floating assembly and, as a result, the ability of solids or other larger materials to pass through said central flow hole. In contrast, the drive ball 110 of the present invention remains positioned offset from the center of said central outflow hole of the ball retainer replacement 10 using the retaining pin 11. As a result of this positioning of the drive ball 110, a larger area of the central flow hole of ball retainer replacement 10 (and floating assembly 100) remains unobstructed, thereby allowing greater solids and/or debris to flow past said ball 110 than conventional prior art assemblies 100.
    [0045] FIGURE 2 is a detailed view of the highlighted area "2" of the floating assembly 100 of the present invention depicted in FIGURE 1. The upper valve assembly 20 comprises the upper valve receptacle 21 having the central outflow port 22 which extends through it. The upper valve assembly 20 is concentrically disposed within the outer sleeve 5, which is in turn concentrically disposed within the center hole 301 of the casing string 300. The upper tongue 120 is pivotally connected to the upper valve receptacle 21 using the pin. upper joint 23.
    [0046] The torsion spring 24 acts to urge the upper pawl 120 towards the closed position (i.e. a position in which the pawl 120 pivots around the upper pivot pin 23 and seals the central outflow hole 22 of the receptacle of the upper valve 21 against the fluid pressure from below to the top engaging against the seat of the upper valve 25). However, as shown in FIGURE 2, the upper locking lever 130 is slidably received within a recess 121 in the upper pawl 120. Said upper locking lever 130 acts to resist forces applied to the upper pawl 120 by the torsion spring 24. and thereby prevents the upper pawl 120 from rotating around the upper pivot pin 23 and moving into the central outflow port 22 of the upper valve receptacle 21. As shown in FIG. 2, in this position the upper pawl 120 is held. in an open position against a side wall of the upper spacer member 30.
    [0047] FIGURE 3 represents a detailed view of a detached section of the floating assembly 100 of the present invention shown in FIGURE 1 with the lower latch 140 in the fully open position. The lower valve assembly 40 comprises the upper valve receptacle 41 having the central outflow port 42 extending therethrough. Lower valve assembly 40 is disposed concentrically within outer sleeve 5, which is in turn concentrically disposed within casing string 300. Lower tongue 140 is pivotally connected to lower valve receptacle 41 using lower pivot pin 43. The torsion spring 44 acts to urge the lower pawl 140 toward the closed position (i.e., a position where the pawl 140 pivots around the lower pivot pin 43 and seals the central outflow hole 42 of the lower valve receptacle 41 against bottom-up pressure engaging against bottom tab seat 46). However, as shown in FIGURE 3, lower locking lever 150 is slidably received within recess 141 in lower pawl 140. Said lower locking lever 150 acts to resist forces applied to lower pawl 140 by torsion spring 44, and in this way prevents the lower pawl 140 from rotating around the lower pivot pin 43 and moving into the central outflow hole 42 of the lower valve receptacle 41. In this position, the lower pawl 140 is held in an open against position. to a side wall of the lower spacer member 50.
    [0048] Still referring to FIGURE 3, the lower spacer member 50 is connected to the base of the lower valve assembly 40, while the bottom receptacle 90 is connected to the base of said lower spacer member 50. The bottom receptacle 90 has the center hole 91 that extends through it. The retaining sleeve 80, which has the center hole 81, is connected to the bottom receptacle 90. The sleeve member 60 has the center hole 61 extending therethrough, and is slidably received within the center hole 91 and the bottom receptacle. 90. The ball seat member 70 having the center hole 71 is connected to the sleeve member 60, and is concentrically and slidably received within the center hole 81 of the retaining member 80.
    [0049] As shown in the configuration depicted in FIGURE 3, the ball seat member 70 is secured against axial movement within the center hole 81 of the retaining sleeve 80 using at least one shear pin 160. sphere 70 has a plurality of tweezers 72 disposed at its lower end. Said tongs 72 have dogs 72a which extend into the central hole 71 of the ball seat member 70, and act cooperatively to form a "seat" restricting the inner diameter of said central hole 71.
    [0050] The upper locking lever 130 and the lower locking lever 150 are connected to the sleeve member 60 using transverse lever retaining pins 65. In the preferred embodiment, said lever retaining pins 65 extend through the transverse holes aligned to the sleeve member 60 and to each of said upper and lower locking levers 130 and 150. The upper locking lever 130 is slidably received within the aligned lever perforations 45 and 55 of the lower valve assembly 40 and lower spacer member 50 respectively. Said lever perforations 45 and 55 are substantially parallel to the longitudinal geometric axes of the central outflow port 43 of the lower valve assembly 40 and the central port of the lower spacer member 50.
    [0051] The upper end of the lower locking lever 150 is slidably received within the recess 141 in the lower pawl 140. Said lower locking lever 150 acts to resist the forces applied to the lower pawl 140 by the torsion spring 44, and thus prevents the lower pawl 140 from rotating around the lower pivot pin 43 and moving into the central outflow hole 42 of the lower valve receptacle 41. In this position, the lower pawl 140 is held in an open position against a side wall of the lower spacer member 50.
    [0052] FIGURE 4 is a side sectional view of the floating assembly 100 of the present invention installed in a wellbore 320 with the drive ball 110 in a seated position on the seat formed by the cooperation of the tong dogs 72a. It should be noted that floating drive ball 110 can be included within floating assembly 100 and held within ball retainer replacement 10 using retaining pin 11 when casing string 300 is driven into wellbore 320. Alternatively, float assembly 100 can be driven into wellbore 320 without retaining pin 11 and drive ball 110. Once casing string 300 and float assembly 100 are in a desired position within the borehole. well 320, drive ball 110 can be lowered, launched or otherwise placed into center hole 301 of casing string 300 and pumped down the hole into floating assembly 100 until it is finally received in the formed seat by the cooperation of the pinch dogs 72a of the pincers 72.
    [0053] FIGURE 5 is a detailed view of a detached area 5 of the floating assembly 100 of the present invention depicted in FIGURE 4, with the drive ball 110 in a seated position on the seat formed by the cooperation of the pinch dogs 72a. The ball seat member 70 remains secured against axial movement within the center hole 81 of the retaining sleeve 80 by the shear pins 160. As such, the lower locking lever 150 remains received within the recess 141 in the lower tongue 140. in this way it prevents the lower tab 140 from closing. In this position, the lower pawl 140 is held in an open position against a side wall of the lower spacer member 50. Although not shown in FIGURE 5, the upper end of the upper locking lever 130 is similarly slidably received within the recess. 121 on the upper tab 120, thus preventing the upper tab 120 from closing. In this position, the upper tongue 120 is also held in an open position against a side wall of the upper spacer member 30.
    [0054] FIGURE 6 is a side sectional view of the floating assembly 100 of the present invention installed in the wellbore 320 with the drive ball 110 in a seated position in the cooperation of the tong dogs 72a of the tongs 72. As shown in the configuration depicted in FIGURE 6, fluid pressure is being applied above drive ball 110, causing axial (downward) force to act on drive ball 110 and, in turn, on ball seat member 70. When as this force reaches a desired level, the shear pins 160 (which are seated at a predetermined force) snap, thereby allowing axial movement of ball seat member 70 within central hole 81 of retaining sleeve 80.
    [0055] The downward movement of ball seat member 70 causes movement of the corresponding sleeve 60 downward which, in turn, translates to downward movement of the upper lock lever 130 and the lower lock lever 150 (each of which is connected to said sleeve member 60 using lever retaining pins 65). As a result of this downward movement, the upper end of the lower locking lever 150 disengages the recess 141 in the lower tongue 140 at the same time that the upper end of the upper locking lever 130 disengages the recess 121 in the upper tongue 120.
    [0056] FIGURE 7 is a detailed view of a detached area 7 of the floating assembly 100 shown in FIGURE 6 with the upper pawl 120 in a partially closed position. As shown in FIGURE 7, the upper end of the upper locking lever 130 has been disengaged from the recess 121 in the upper pawl 120. Without said upper locking lever 130 acting to resist the forces applied to the upper pawl 120 by the torsion spring 24, the upper pawl 120 is freed to pivot around top pivot pin 23 and engage against pawl seat 25 and seal outflow port 22 of top valve receptacle 21 against upward pressure of said pawl 120.
    [0057] FIGURE 8 is a detailed view of a detached area 8 of the floating assembly 100 of the present invention depicted in FIGURE 6. The drive ball 110 is received and seated in cooperation with the gripper dogs 72a of the grippers 72. fluid applied above drive ball 110 causes axial (downward) force to act on drive ball 110 and, in turn, on ball seat member 70. When this force reaches a desired level, the shear pins 160 rupture, thereby allowing axial movement of the ball seat member 70 within the center hole 81 of the retaining sleeve 80. This downward movement of the ball seat member 70 causes downward movement of the corresponding sleeve 60 and of the lever. upper lock 130 and lower lock lever 150. As a result of this downward movement, the upper end of lower lock lever 150 disengages recess 141 in lower tongue 140. said lower locking lever 150 acting to resist forces applied to lower tongue 140 by torsion spring 44, lower tongue 140 is released to pivot around lower pivot pin 43 and engage against lower tongue seat 46 to seal the central outflow port 42 of the lower valve receptacle 41.
    [0058] FIGURE 9 is a side sectional view of the floating assembly 100 of the present invention installed in the wellbore 320. Fluid pressure is being applied above the drive ball 110, causing the axial force (downwards) act on drive ball 110 and, in turn, on ball seat member 70. As depicted in FIGURES 6 to 8 above, downward movement of ball seat member 70 causes downward movement of corresponding sleeve 60 which, by in turn, translates for downward movement of the upper locking lever 130 and the lower locking lever 150 (each of which is connected to the sleeve member 60 using lever retaining pins 65). When this fluid pressure is increased, the tongs 72 separate radially outward, thereby allowing the drive ball 110 to be withdrawn out of the bottom of the ball seat member 70.
    [0059] As shown in FIGURE 10, without the upper locking lever 130 acting to resist the forces applied to the upper pawl 120 by the torsion spring 24, the upper pawl 120 is released to rotate around the upper pivot pin 23, by end by engaging and sealing against the upper tab 25 and sealing the central outflow port 22 of the upper valve receptacle 21 against pressure from below upwards.
    [0060] Similarly, as depicted in FIGURE 11, without said lower locking lever 150 received within recess 141 of pawl 140 and acting to resist the forces applied to lower pawl 140 by torsion spring 44, bottom pawl 140 is freed to pivot around the lower pivot pin 43, ultimately sealing against the lower pawl seat 46 and sealing the central outflow port 42 of the lower valve receptacle 41 against pressure from below.
    [0061] FIGURE 12 is an exploded perspective view of the floating assembly 100 of the present invention comprising ball retainer replacement 10, upper valve assembly 20, upper spacer member 30, lower valve assembly 40, lower spacer member 50, sleeve member 60, ball seat member 70, retaining sleeve 80 and bottom receptacle 90.
    [0062] Ball retainer replacement 10 has central hole 12 extending through said replacement, as well as aligned transverse holes 13 that extend through the side walls of ball retainer replacement 10. Transverse holes 13 are aligned with each other and oriented substantially perpendicularly to the longitudinal geometric axis of the center hole 12. After the drive ball 110 is installed in the center hole 12, the retaining pin 11 can be installed in said transverse holes 13. retainer 11 will prevent floating drive ball 110 from floating out of floating assembly 100 when said assembly is being lowered into a wellbore. The seal ring 14 can be installed between the ball retainer replacement 10 and the upper valve assembly; in the preferred embodiment, said sealing ring 14 may be made of rubber or other elastomeric sealing material.
    [0063] The upper valve assembly 20 comprises the upper valve receptacle 21 having the central outflow port 22 extending therethrough. The upper pawl 120 is pivotally connected to the upper valve receptacle 21 using the upper pivot pin 23. The torsion spring 24 acts to urge the upper pawl 120 toward the closed position (i.e., a position in which the pawl 120 rotates around the upper pivot pin 23 and seals the central outflow hole 22 from the upper valve receptacle 21). The upper pawl sealing member 122 may form a fluid pressure seal when the pawl 120 is closed, and may be made of rubber or other elastomeric sealing material.
    [0064] The upper spacer member 30 having the center hole 31 is situated below the upper valve assembly 20. When the upper tongue 120 is in the open position, said upper tongue 120 extends into the center hole 31 of the spacer member top 30.
    [0065] The lower valve assembly 40, connected under the upper spacer member 30, comprises the lower valve receptacle 41 having the central outflow port 42 extending therethrough. The lower pawl 140 is pivotally connected to the lower valve receptacle 41 using the lower pivot pin 43. The torsion spring 44 acts to urge the lower pawl 140 toward the closed position (i.e., a position in which the pawl 140 rotates around the lower pivot pin 43 and seals the central outflow hole 42 of the lower valve receptacle 41). The lower pawl sealing member 142 can form a fluid pressure seal when the pawl 140 is closed, and can be made of rubber or other elastomeric sealing material.
    [0066] The lower spacer member 50 having the center hole 51 is situated below the lower valve assembly 40. When the lower tongue 140 is in the open position, said lower tongue 140 extends into the center hole 51 of the spacer member lower 50.
    [0067] The bottom receptacle 90 has the central hole 91 extending through it. The retaining sleeve 80, which has the center hole 81, is connected to the bottom receptacle 90. The sleeve member 60 has the center hole 61 extending therethrough, and is slidably received within the center hole 91 of the bottom receptacle. 90. The ball seat member 70 having the center hole 71 is connected to the sleeve member 60, and is concentric and slidably received within the center hole 81 of the retaining member 80.
    [0068] The ball seat member 70 is secured against axial movement within the center hole 81 of the retaining sleeve 80 using shear pins 160. The ball seat member 70 has a plurality of tongs 72 disposed at its end bottom. Said tongs 72 cooperate with dogs 72a which extend into the central hole 71 of the ball seat member 70, and act cooperatively to form a "seat" restricting the inner diameter of said central hole 71.
    [0069] The upper lock lever 130 has the transverse hole 131, while the lower lock lever 150 has the transverse hole 151. In the preferred embodiment, said lever retaining pins 65 extend through the transverse holes aligned in the member. sleeve 60, as well as aligned perforations 131 and 151 of said upper and lower locking levers 130 and 150, respectively. Although not clearly shown in FIGURE 12, upper locking lever 130 is slidably received within the bore of aligned levers 45 and 55 of lower valve assembly 40 and lower spacer member 50, respectively. Said perforations of the levers 45 and 55 are oriented substantially parallel to the longitudinal geometric axes of the central outflow port 43 of the lower valve assembly 40 and the central port of the lower spacer member 50.
    [0070] FIGURE 13 represents a perspective view of the floating assembly 100 of the present invention assembled, while FIGURE 14 represents a side view of said floating assembly 100 of the present invention assembled. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the floating assembly 100 is disposed concentrically within an outer sleeve member (such as outer sleeve member 5 in FIGURE 1, not shown in FIGURE 14). Said outer sleeve 5, together with the floating assembly 100, is received within a casing string (such as casing string 300 in FIGURE 1).
    [0071] FIGURE 15 is a perspective view of the upper valve assembly 20 of the present invention with pawl 120 in a fully open position. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, top valve receptacle 21 and pawl 120 are fabricated from high temperature resins compression molded around a carbon or glass reinforced structure for added strength. Valve receptacle 21 also has spring slot 26 for receiving torsion spring 24. Tongue 120 has end recess 121 as well as a curved profile with concave sealing surface 123 and convex rear surface 124. FIG. perspective view of the upper valve assembly 20 of the present invention with the pawl 120 in a fully closed position.
    [0072] FIGURE 17 represents a longitudinal view of the upper valve assembly 20 of the present invention with the pawl 120 in a fully open position. The curved shape of pawl 120 (and 140) allows the largest possible inside diameter (ID) to be maintained when valve assemblies 20 and 40 are in the open position (ie when pawls 120 and 140 are open), resulting in increased self-fill flow rate and maximum tolerance to debris through the center orifice of floating assembly 100. Additionally, the curved design of pawls 120 and 140 provides significantly higher pressure ratings for the valves of the present invention compared to state-of-the-art valve assemblies. technique.
    [0073] FIGURE 18 is a side perspective view of the glove member 60 of the present invention. The sleeve member 60 has a plurality of transverse holes 62 for receiving the lever retaining pins 65, as well as inner flap 63 and inner dogs 64. The sleeve member 60 may also have a sealing member 66 around its circumference. external.
    [0074] FIGURE 19 is a side perspective view of the ball seat member 70 of the present invention. The ball seat member 70 is generally cylindrical in shape, and has a plurality of tongs 72 disposed at its lower end. Said tweezers 72 have dogs 72a which extend into the central hole 71 of the ball seat member 70, and act cooperatively to form a "seat" restricting the internal diameter of said central hole 71. The ball seat member 70 it also has a plurality of transverse holes 73 for receiving shear pins 160, as well as upper flap 74 and dogs 75 extending radially outwardly of said ball seat member 70.
    [0075] FIGURE 20 is a side perspective view of the retaining sleeve member 80 of the present invention. The retaining sleeve member has the central hole 81, dogs 82 extending radially outwardly, and a plurality of transverse holes 83 extending through said retaining sleeve member 80 to receive the shear pins 160. FIGURE 21 is a side perspective view of the bottom receptacle 90 of the present invention. Bottom receptacle 90 is substantially cylindrical and has center hole 91 and internal dogs 92.
    [0076] Referring now to the operation of the preferred embodiment, the floating set valves 100 are selectively actuated using a floating actuating ball 110 (by way of illustration, but not limitation, constructed of phenolic material) that can beneficially engage against to a corresponding tong ball seat formed by the cooperation of the tong dogs 72a positioned below said valves. When the flow rate is set through the system, said drive ball is received in said seat, forming a substantially complete restriction to flow through the central flow hole of said floating assembly 100.
    [0077] When desired, the fluid pressure can then be increased above said seated ball 110. At a predetermined specified pressure, sufficient force will act on at least one composite shear pin causing this pin to rupture, thereby allowing it to ball seat member 70 moves down away from the valves. This displacement activates the mechanism that keeps the latches 120 and 140 open, thus allowing said latches to close. As the pressure continues to increase above the drive ball 110, the tongs 72 of the ball seat member 70 are radially spaced apart, allowing the drive ball 110 to pass through said open tongs 72 and to be withdrawn from the floating assembly 100 inwardly. from wellbore 320 below. The ball seat with clamps of the present invention allows for changing both the number of composite shear pins (thus allowing adjustment of activation pressure) and the size of the flow port (thus allowing adjustment of activation flow rate ) of the system. In accordance with a particularly advantageous embodiment of the present invention, the pawls 120 and 140, as well as the valve bodies 21 and 41, are made of high temperature resins molded by compression around a structure reinforced with carbon or glass for added strength. . The curved profile of said tongues allows the largest possible internal diameter (ID) to be maintained when the valves are in the open position; this lack of restriction results in higher self-filling flow rate and maximum tolerance to debris through the center hole of said floating assembly.
    [0078] Additionally, the valve mechanism configuration including, without limitation, the shape of curved tabs 120 and 140, provides significantly higher pressure ratings for the valves of the present invention compared to valves in existing prior art assemblies.
    [0079] In the preferred embodiment, the valve springs 24 and 44 are single torsion-type springs reinforced with carbon or glass. Pivot pins 23 and 43, as well as other components of the activation mechanism, are comprised of reinforced carbon or glass levers for high tensile and shear forces. The Ball Tong Seat Member 70 is also manufactured as a mandrel-enclosed high-temperature reinforced composite. Shear pins 160 are ultra fine-grained graphite or uniform resin composite, which are unaffected by temperature like conventional metal shear pins. Drive ball 110 is beneficially constructed of a low density phenolic material, which floats in most wellbore fluids, keeping the ball away from ball seat member 70 as desired, thereby reducing the likelihood of clogging the central assembly drain hole with gravel or other wellbore debris.
    [0080] Due to the configuration of the components of the present invention, and particularly sleeve member 60, ball seat member 70, retaining sleeve 80 and bottom receptacle 90, said components can be easily and quickly removed, repaired and/or replaced without specialized tools, including in the field. By way of illustration, but not limitation, the ball seat member 70 may be interchanged in order to change the strength of the collet members 70, thereby affecting tool operating pressures. This feature makes the floating assembly of the present invention significantly more versatile than other existing prior art floating assemblies.
    [0081] The invention described above has a number of particular features that should preferably be employed in combination, although each is useful separately without departing from the scope of the invention. While the preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown and described herein, it is to be understood that the invention may be incorporated in other ways than those specifically illustrated or described herein, and that certain changes may be made in the form and arrangement of parts and in the specific way of practicing the invention within the idea and underlying principles of the invention.
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [0001]
    1. Floating set, characterized by the fact that it comprises: a. an upper valve assembly (20) having a body (21), a cylindrical central outflow port (22) extending therethrough, and a tongue (120) pivotally connected to said body (21); B. a lower valve assembly (40) having a body (41), a cylindrical central outflow port (42) extending therethrough in line with the central outflow port (42) of said upper valve assembly (20) and a tongue ( 140) pivotally connected to said body (41); ç. a seat member (70) disposed below said lower valve assembly (40), said seat member (70) moving in a direction parallel to the longitudinal geometric axis of said aligned central flow holes (22, 42 ); d. a first retaining member (130) having a first end and a second end, said first end being connected to said seat member (70), and said second end being releasably attached to the tongue (120) of the said upper valve assembly (20) when said pawl (120) is in an open position; and is. a second retaining member (150) having a first end and a second end, said first end being connected to said seating member (70) and said second end being releasably attached to the tongue (140) of said lower valve assembly (40) when said pawl (140) is in an open position.
    [0002]
    2. Floating assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises a drive ball (110).
    [0003]
    3. Floating assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that said drive ball (110) is floating.
    [0004]
    4. Floating assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that said drive ball (110) is constructed of a low-density phenolic material.
    [0005]
    5. Floating assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that said drive ball (110) is retained within said floating assembly (100) displaced from the central geometric axis of said aligned central flow holes (22, 42 ).
    [0006]
    6. Floating assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that said valve assemblies (20, 40) are constructed of non-metallic material.
    [0007]
    7. Floating assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that said tongues (120, 140) are constructed of non-metallic material.
    [0008]
    8. Floating assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that said tongues (120, 140) each comprise a sealing surface (123) and a non-sealing surface (124) and said non-sealing surface ( 124) having a convex shape.
    [0009]
    9. Floating assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that said pawls (120, 140) do not extend into said aligned central flow holes (22, 42) of said upper valve assemblies (20) and lower (40) when said pawls (120, 140) are in an open position.
    [0010]
    10. Floating assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the articulated connection (23) of said tongue (120) of said upper valve assembly (20) is out of phase with the articulated connection (43) of said tongue (140) of said lower valve assembly (40).
    [0011]
    11. Floating assembly, according to claim 10, characterized in that said articulated connections (23, 43) are 180 degrees out of phase with one another.
    [0012]
    12. Floating assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that said seat member (70) further comprises a cylindrical body having a central outflow hole (71) extending therethrough and a plurality of cooperative clamps (72) defining said seat (70).
    [0013]
    13. Floating assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a ball retaining element (80) comprising: a. a cylindrical receptacle having a central outflow hole (12) extending therethrough; B. a first transverse hole (13) extending through said cylindrical receptacle; ç. a second transverse hole (13) extending through said cylindrical receptacle and in alignment with said first transverse hole (13); and d. an elongated member (11) extending through said first and second transverse holes (13) through said central flow hole (12).
    [0014]
    14. Floating assembly according to claim 13, characterized in that said elongated member (11) divides said central outflow hole (12) of said cylindrical receptacle in two.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    AU2011258508A1|2013-01-17|
    US20150136404A1|2015-05-21|
    WO2011149904A1|2011-12-01|
    US9328585B2|2016-05-03|
    US8955543B2|2015-02-17|
    BR112012029869A2|2020-09-01|
    US20110290344A1|2011-12-01|
    EP2576958A1|2013-04-10|
    AU2011258508B2|2015-08-13|
    EP2576958A4|2017-04-12|
    EP2576958B1|2018-09-12|
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    法律状态:
    2020-09-08| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2021-02-02| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-04-20| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 24/05/2011, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    2021-08-03| B25G| Requested change of headquarter approved|Owner name: BLACKHAWK SPECIALTY TOOLS LLC (US) |
    2021-08-17| B25A| Requested transfer of rights approved|Owner name: FRANK'S INTERNATIONAL, LLC (US) |
    2022-03-08| B25L| Entry of change of name and/or headquarter and transfer of application, patent and certificate of addition of invention: publication cancelled|Owner name: BLACKHAWK SPECIALTY TOOLS, LLC (US) Free format text: ANULADA A PUBLICACAO CODIGO 25.1 NA RPI NO 2641 DE 17/08/2021 POR TER SIDO INDEVIDA. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US34761510P| true| 2010-05-24|2010-05-24|
    US61/347,615|2010-05-24|
    PCT/US2011/037691|WO2011149904A1|2010-05-24|2011-05-24|Large bore auto-fill float equipment|
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